The reporting period is January 1, 2025-December 31, 2025. The reporting boundary includes facilities and equipment under United Airlines’ operational control. It excludes de minimis emissions from subsidiaries and joint ventures. It excludes de minimis emissions from subsidiaries and joint ventures.
Our GHG emissions footprint is calculated using methodologies from the GHG Protocol and ISO14064-1. CO2e emissions include carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide aggregated in accordance with the GHG Protocol using IPCC AR6 Global Warming Potentials (GWPs). The footprint consists of the following:
Scope 1: Direct GHG emissions generated by United operations including the combustion of conventional jet fuel and SAF by mainline and regional aircraft (tank-to-wake), fuel consumed by ground support equipment, and natural gas used in our facilities and airport spaces.
Scope 2: Indirect GHG emissions from the use of purchased electricity and steam used in our facilities and airport spaces.
Scope 3: Indirect GHG emissions from: Category 3, fuel- and energy-related activities (well-to-tank); Category 4, upstream transportation and distribution; Category 7, employee commuting; Category 14, franchises; and Category 15, investments.
Biogenic: CO2 emissions from the combustion of SAF which contains biologically sequestered carbon dioxide.
GHG emissions factors sourced from: IATA, The Climate Registry (February 2025 release); International Energy Agency (September 2025 release); The U.S. EPA GHG Emission Factors Hub and eGRID (January 2025 release).
The data presented herein reflecting United Airlines’ 2025 GHG emissions footprint has been internally validated by United Airlines Internal Audit Department and externally verified by a third-party verification party, Normec Verifavia. United obtains this third-party verification of our GHG emissions on an annual basis. Historic data is provided for informational purposes and has not been externally reassured as of the date of this report. Normec Verifavia conducts our emissions verification and provides an ISO 14064-3 limited assurance on our GHG emissions for reporting.
United accounts emissions reductions associated with the use and combustion of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) to be a Scope 1 reduction, as it is in-sector and a sustainable alternative to the conventional jet fuel usage that is accounted in the gross emissions of this Scope.
United Airlines Ventures investments at a demo or commercial stage, with most not yet operating at a stage that would produce material GHG emissions.
Intensity metric used to track progress against United's near-term 2035 target. Includes Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3 category 3 and 4 GHG emissions. This intensity figure considers all SAF for which United claimed Scope 1 emissions reductions, including SAF for which specific United customers or other third parties have retained Scope 3 end-user attributes. This intensity should not be used for reporting by United’s general-use customers.
General-use customer intensities consider only SAF for which United has claimed Scope 1 emissions reductions and maintained ownership of Scope 3 end-user attributes, enabling the use of this figure for reporting by United's general-use customers.
Includes Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3 category 3, 4, 7 and 14 GHG emissions. This intensity figure considers all SAF for which United claimed Scope 1 emissions reductions, including SAF for which specific United customers or other third parties have retained Scope 3 end-user attributes. This intensity should not be used for reporting by United’s general-use customers.
General-use customer intensities consider only SAF for which United has claimed Scope 1 emissions reductions and maintained ownership of Scope 3 end-user attributes, enabling the use of this figure for reporting by United's general-use customers.
Does not account for all United locations or locations shared with other companies (e.g., airport terminals) and as a result may change considerably from year to year.
